auricula-judae genome nor any transcriptome dataset is publicly available, representing a major barrier for molecular studies. Molecular studies can provide accurate identification and clarification of wild and domesticated varieties, thus facilitating breeding programs. Despite previous reports of genetic markers using analyses of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, the molecular/genetic bases of differences between the three major Chinese varieties are largely unknown. Quanjin originated from northern China, whereas Wujin and Banjin were more commonly cultivated in southern regions. All three varieties in China are believed to have been domesticated from wild origins. The physiological function of the wrinkles is to be determined although possibilities on reflecting nutrition and quality are widely implicated in the food market.
The number and depth of wrinkles were deployed for cultivar identification purposes in China 7. The surface wrinkles (also known as veins) have been described as one of the major features of fruiting bodies 6, 7, 8. auricula-judae varieties in China: Wujin (smooth), Banjin (partially wrinkled), and Quanjin (fully wrinkled) (Fig. auricula-judae has been widely cultivated in large areas of Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan and Hubei provinces in China, and the yield is ranked fourth in the world for mushroom production 4, 5.īased on the morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies, there are three major A. auricula-judae is also used as a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-tumor, detoxification, anticoagulant, hypoglycemic, and cholesterol-lowering properties 1, 2, 3. The fruiting bodies are routinely consumed as an important edible mushroom in China. The Auricularia auricula-judae mushroom is commonly known as Jew’s ear, wood ear and jelly ear. auricula-judae sequences to public database, establishes the relationships among major cultivars, and provides molecular guidance for breeding and cultivation. Using the KEGG database, significant alternations in biological pathways were detected among the three cultivars. Such relationships were further supported by analyses of annotated and unannotated unigenes, differentially expressed unigenes, gene ontology functions, and the family of peroxidase genes.
Principal component analysis (PCA) determined that the gene expression profile of Quanjin was unique when compared to those of Banjin and Wujin. auricula-judae, highlighting the lack of publicly available reference sequences for this economically important species.
Among them, only 13 unigenes were annotated to A. Biological triplicates were performed to determine the expression levels of 13,937 unigenes. auricula-judae cultivated varieties (Wujin, smooth Banjin, partially wrinkled and Quanjin, fully wrinkled) collected from Jilin Province, China. Here for the first time, we present comparative transcriptome analyses of the fruiting bodies of three morphologically distinguishable A. Auricularia auricula-judae is an edible mushroom and a traditional medicine in China as well as the fourth largest cultivated mushroom species in the world.